Alternative version, which touches  an anode effect which is observed at the electrochemical production of aluminium from criolyte-  aluminous melts, was offered. The model of anode process which takes into account the features of mass transfer in an electrolyte at different components correlations was considered. This model takes into account so exhaustion at anode layer after a criolyte. It is proved that in the conditions of industrial electrolysis thin layer of solid or quasisolid electrolyte can appear near the anode surface. Such layer has low conductivity and its appearance is reason of sharp increase of working voltage.